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5 main components of an aircraft are: 1) Fuselage - The fuselage is one of the major aircraft components with its long hollow tube, also known as the body of the airplane. 2) Wings. 3) Empennage. 4) Power Plant. 5) Landing Gear.

Aircraft categories include: 1) Airplane Single-engine land or sea or multi-engine land or sea. 2) Rotorcraft helicopter or gyroplane. 3) Lighter-Than-Air balloons or airships. 4) Powered Parachutes land or sea. 5) Weight-Shift-Control land or sea.

An aircraft constructed by the original manufacturer, or his licensee, on or before August 31, 1945, with the exception of certain Pre-World War II aircraft models which had only a small post-war production shall be defined as Antique Aircraft. Examples: Beechcraft Staggerwing, Fairchild 24, and Monocoupe.

Often an internal-combustion piston engine is used, especially for smaller planes. They are of various types, based on the arrangement of the cylinders. Horizontally opposed engines employ four to six cylinders lying flat and arrayed two or three on each side.

Class II airplanes, which typically are multiple reciprocating engine, multiple turbine engine and single turbine engine airplanes under 6,000 pounds. Class IV airplanes, which typically are commuter category airplanes. All weights are based on maximum certificated gross takeoff weight.

The principal structural units of a fixed-wing aircraft are the fuselage, wings, stabilizers, flight control surfaces, and landing gear. Airplane wings are made out of a specific type of aluminum, an alloy that offers a combination of lightness and strength comparable to steel that makes for easy flying.